All of the following statements related to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans are correct EXCEPT which one?
A. There are 3 healthy dietary patterns: U.S. Style, Vegetarian and Mediterranean-Style.
B. Limit added foods and beverages that contain added gluten, salt and sugar.
C. Stay within calorie limits.
D. At least ¾ of your plate should be plant-based.
A plant-forward eating style includes only plant-based foods and reflects evidence-based principles of health.
A. True
B. False
All of the following statements related to intrinsic sugars are correct EXCEPT which one?
A. Naturally present and physically located in cellular structures of whole plant-based foods.
B. Contribute to caries and weight gain and should be limited in a healthy dietary pattern.
C. Are found in fruits, vegetables, grains and dairy.
D. Foods that contain intrinsic sugars have protective factors against caries.
All of the following statements related to extrinsic sugars are correct EXCEPT which one?
A. There are over 50 synonyms for added sugars.
B. NHANES data shows that most of our added sugars are in the form of SSB, desserts, sweet snacks, sweetened coffee and tea and candy.
C. The Dietary Guidelines suggest that we reduce added sugar in the diet of young children by substituting non-nutritive sweeteners.
D. The Dietary Guidelines suggest that we can reduce our added sugar by reducing portions.
All of the following statements related to ascorbic acid are correct EXCEPT which one?
A. Water soluble vitamin, must be consumed daily.
B. Supports synthesis of collagen which we need to support connective tissue for healthy gums and bones.
C. When taken as a supplement, has been shown to offer additional clinical benefit in terms of improving treatment outcomes for patients with periodontitis.
D. Has anti-inflammatory properties.
All of the following statements related to Vitamin D are correct EXCEPT which one?
A. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin.
B. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to caries, gingival inflammation and periodontal disease.
C. Essential for mineralization of teeth and alveolar process, enhances calcium absorption in the intestine.
D. We should recommend a Vitamin D supplement to all of our patients, even if their current Vitamin D level is adequate.
Which of the following foods are good sources of prebiotics?
A. Yogurt
B. Kombucha
C. Apple, oats, banana
D. Both A and B
All of the following statements related to probiotics are corrects EXCEPT which one?
A. A probiotic is a substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit.
B. Consuming fermented dairy has been shown to be correlated with a decrease in elastase activity and MMP3 in gingival crevicular fluid.
C. Consuming fermented soy beverage has been shown to be correlated with beneficial changes in the oral microbiome.
D. Eating yogurt has been associated with decreased S. mutans and lactobacilli in saliva.
Plant-based, whole-food dietary patterns reduce risk for many inflammatory diseases, including cardiovascular disease, gingivitis and periodontitis.
A. True
B. False
All of the following statements related to research behind plant-based eating and periodontitis are true EXCEPT which one
A. A recent cross-sectional study found that probing depth and bleeding on probing were significantly lower in raw vegans.
B. A clinical study found that patients who were vegetarians for over 2 years had generalized periodontitis.
C. A small randomized controlled trial found that eating plant-based whole foods for 4 weeks showed a significant reduction in gingival bleeding.
D. A systematic review found that eating at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables a day may help prevent progression of periodontal disease.
