References

  1. Griffiths BM. Dentifrices--an item of historical interest. N Z Dent J. 1966 Oct;62(290):296-301.
  2. Miller WD. The Micro-Organisms of the Human Mouth. Basel, Switzerland. S. Karger. 1973. doi:10.1002/jobm.19740140117. Accessed July 8, 2020.
  3. von Stubenrauch: Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die Wirkung des Fluornatriums auf den Knochen, speziell den Kieferknochen, Verhandlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie, 3. Kongress, Berlin 1904, p.20.
  4. Newbrun E. Water fluoridation and dietary fluoride - Fluorides and Dental Caries, 2nd ed. Ernest Newbrun (Ed). Springfield, IL. CC Thomas. 1975. 31-45.
  5. Dean HT, McKay FS, Elvone E. Mottled Enamel Survey of Bauxite, ARK., 10 Years After a Change in the Common Water Supply. Public Health Reports. 1896-1970;53(39):1736-1748. doi:10.2307/4582669.
  6. Council of Dental Therapeutics. J Am Dent Assoc 1937; 24:307-309.
  7. Bibby BG. A test of the effect of fluoride-containing dentifrices on dental caries. J Dent Res. 1945 Dec;24:297-303. doi:10.1177/00220345450240060301.
  8. Stookey GK. Are all fluoride dentifrices the same? - Clinical Uses of Fluorides (Current Problems in Clinical Dentistry). Stephen H.Y. Wei (Ed). London. 1986. 105-131.
  9. Bibby BG, Welloch WD. Unpublished report 1948. Shaw JH (Ed). Fluoridation as a Public Health Measure. Washington (DC); American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS); 1954. Accessed July 8, 2020.
  10. Dirks OB, van Amerongen J, Winkler KC. A reproducible method for caries evaluation. J Dent Res. 1951 Jun;30(3):346-359. doi:10.1177/00220345510300030701.
  11. Muhler JC. Effect on dental caries of a dentifrice containing stannous fluoride and dicalcium phosphate. J Dent Res. 1957 Jun;36(3):399-402. doi:10.1177/00220345570360031201.
  12. Muhler JC, Radike AW, Nebergall WH, et al. A comparison between the anticariogenic effects of dentifrices containing stannous fluoride and sodium fluoride. J Am Dent Assoc. 1955 Nov;51(5):556-559. doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1955.0240.
  13. Kyes FM, Overton NJ, McKean TW. Clinical trials of caries inhibitory dentifrices. J Am Dent Assoc. 1961 Aug;63:189-193. doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1961.0182.
  14. Brudevold F, Chilton NW. Comparative study of a fluoride dentifrice containing soluble phosphate and a calcium-free abrasive: second-year report. J Am Dent Assoc. 1966 Apr;72(4):889-894.
  15. Ericsson Y. Fluorides in dentifrices. Investigations using radioactive fluorine. Acta Odontol Scand. 1961 May;19:41-77. doi:10.3109/00016356108993942.
  16. Muhler JC, Radike AW, Nebergall WH, et al. The effect of a stannous fluoride-containing dentifrice on caries reduction in children. J Dent Res. 1954 Oct;33(5):606-612. doi:10.1177/00220345540330050401.
  17. American Dental Association, Evaluation of Crest toothpaste; Council on Dental Therapeutics. J Am Dent Assoc 1960; 61:272-274.
  18. Chace R. Reclassification of Crest toothpaste; Council on Dental Therapeutics. J Am Dent Assoc. 1964 Aug;69:195-196.
  19. Miskell P. How Crest made business history. Harvard Business School Working Knowledge. 1/17/2005. Accessed July 8, 2020.
  20. Silverstone LM. Remineralization phenomena. Caries Res. 1977;11 Suppl 1:59-84. doi:10.1159/000260296.
  21. Wefel JS. Mechanisms of action of fluoride - Pediatric Dentistry: Scientific Foundations and Clinical Practice. Ray Stewart(Ed). St. Louis, MO. Mosby. 1982.
  22. Moreno EC, Kresak M, Zahradnik RT. Physicochemical aspects of fluoride-apatite systems relevant to the study of dental caries. Caries Res. 1977;11 Suppl 1:142-171. doi:10.1159/000260299.
  23. Brown WE, Gregory TM, Chow LC. Effects of fluoride on enamel solubility and cariostasis. Caries Res. 1977;11 Suppl 1:118-141. doi:10.1159/000260298.
  24. Posner AS. The mineral of bone. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1985 Nov;(200):87-99.
  25. Christoffersen MR, Christoffersen J, Arends J. Kinetics of dissolution of calcium hydroxyapatite: VII. The effect of fluoride ions - Journal of Crystal Growth. 1984;67(1):107–114. doi:10.1016/0022-0248(84)90138-6. Accessed July 8, 2020.
  26. Wong L, Cutress TW, Duncan JF. The influence of incorporated and adsorbed fluoride on the dissolution of powdered and pelletized hydroxyapatite in fluoridated and non-fluoridated acid buffers. J Dent Res. 1987 Dec;66(12):1735-1741. doi:10.1177/00220345870660120801.
  27. Shellis RP, Duckworth RM. Studies on the cariostatic mechanisms of fluoride. Int Dent J. 1994 Jun;44(3 Suppl 1):263-273.
  28. Wefel JS, Dodds MWJ. Oral biologic defenses and the demineralization and remineralization of teeth - Primary Preventive Dentistry, 5th edition. Norman Harris (Ed). Stamford, CN. Appleton and Lange. 1999. 271-298.
  29. Silverstone LM, Wefel JS. The effect of remineralization on artificial caries-like lesions and their crystal content - Journal of Crystal Growth. 1981;53(1):148-159. doi:10.1016/0022-0248(81)90061-0. Accessed July 8, 2020.
  30. Silverstone LH. Fluorides and remineralizations - Clinical Uses of Fluorides (Current Problems in Clinical Dentistry). Stephen HY Wei (Ed). London. 1986. 153-175.
  31. Cury JA, Tenuta LM. Enamel remineralization: controlling the caries disease or treating early caries lesions? Braz Oral Res. 2009;23 Suppl 1:23-30. doi:10.1590/s1806-83242009000500005.
  32. Hamilton IR. Effects of fluoride on enzymatic regulation of bacterial carbohydrate metabolism. Caries Res. 1977;11 Suppl 1:262-291. doi:10.1159/000260304.
  33. Sutton SV, Bender GR, Marquis RE. Fluoride inhibition of proton-translocating ATPases of oral bacteria. Infect Immun. 1987 Nov;55(11):2597-2603.
  34. Zacherl WA. A three-year clinical caries evaluation of the effect of a sodium fluoride-silica abrasive dentifrice. Pharmacol Ther Dent. 1981;6(1-2):1-7.
  35. Hargreaves JA, Thompson GW, Wagg BJ. Changes in caries prevalence of Isle of Lewis children between 1971 and 1981. Caries Res. 1983;17(6):554-559. doi:10.1159/000260717.
  36. Ingram GS. The reaction of monofluorophosphate with apatite. Caries Res. 1972;6(1):1-15.
  37. Pearce EI, More RD. Uptake of fluoride by enamel from monofluorophosphate dentifrices. Caries Res. 1975;9(6):459-474. doi:10.1159/000260174.
  38. Duckworth RM. Fluoride in Plaque and Saliva. Thesis. Amsterdam. 1993.
  39. Stookey GK, DePaola PF, Featherstone JD, et al. A critical review of the relative anticaries efficacy of sodium fluoride and sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrices. Caries Res. 1993;27(4):337-360. doi:10.1159/000261563.
  40. Johnson MF. Comparative efficacy of NaF and SMFP dentifrices in caries prevention: a meta-analytic overview. Caries Res. 1993;27(4):328-336. doi:10.1159/000261562.
  41. DePaola PF, Soparkar PM, Triol C, et al. The relative anticaries effectiveness of sodium monofluorophosphate and sodium fluoride as contained in currently available dentifrice formulations. Am J Dent. 1993 Sep;6 Spec No:S7-12.
  42. Fluoride Toothpaste – Latest Clinical Update. Int Dent J 1994;44(Suppl):255-299.
  43. Marks RG, Conti AJ, Moorhead JE, et al. Results from a three-year caries clinical trial comparing NaF and SMFP fluoride formulations. Int Dent J. 1994 Jun;44(3 Suppl 1):275-285.
  44. Stephen KW, Chestnutt IG, Jacobson AP, et al. The effect of NaF and SMFP toothpastes on three-year caries increments in adolescents. Int Dent J. 1994 Jun;44(3 Suppl 1):287-295.
  45. White DJ. Tartar control dentifrices: current status and future prospects - Clinical and biological aspects of dentifrices. Graham Embery (Ed). Oxford. Oxford University Press. 1992. 277-291.
  46. White DJ, McClanahan SF, Lanzalaco AC, et al. The comparative efficacy of two commercial tartar control dentifrices in preventing calculus development and facilitating easier dental cleanings. J Clin Dent. 1996;7(2 Spec No):58-64.
  47. Perlich MA, Berman E, Frataneangelo P, et al. Desensitizing efficacy of a 5% KNO3/0.243% NAF dentifrice. J Dent Res 1994; 73:166.
  48. Faller RV, Shaffer JB, Eversole S, et al. In vitro fluoride uptake from dentifrices containing sodium fluoride and potassium nitrate. J Dent Res 1994; 73:241.
  49. Brown LJ, Oliver RC, Loe H. Evaluating periodontal status of US employed adults. J Am Dent Assoc. 1990 Aug;121(2):226-232. doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1990.0252.
  50. White DJ. A "return" to stannous fluoride dentifrices. J Clin Dent. 1995;6 Spec No:29-36.
  51. Tinanoff N. Progress regarding the use of stannous fluoride in clinical dentistry. J Clin Dent. 1995;6 Spec No:37-40.
  52. Robinson PJ. Gingivitis: a prelude to periodontitis? J Clin Dent. 1995;6 Spec No:41-45.
  53. Beiswanger BB, Doyle PM, Jackson RD, et al. The clinical effect of dentifrices containing stabilized stannous fluoride on plaque formation and gingivitis--a six-month study with ad libitum brushing. J Clin Dent. 1995;6 Spec No:46-53.
  54. Perlich MA, Bacca LA, Bollmer BW, et al. The clinical effect of a stabilized stannous fluoride dentifrice on plaque formation, gingivitis and gingival bleeding: a six-month study. J Clin Dent. 1995;6 Spec No:54-58.
  55. White DJ, Cox ER, Liang N, et al. A new Plaque Glycolysis and Regrowth Method (PGRM) for the in vivo determination of antimicrobial dentifrice/rinse efficacy towards the inhibition of plaque growth and metabolism--method development, validation and initial activity screens. J Clin Dent. 1995;6 Spec No:59-70.
  56. Kasturi R, White DJ, Lanzalaco AC, et al. Effects of nine weeks' use of a new stabilized stannous fluoride dentifrice on intrinsic plaque virulence expressed as acidogenicity and regrowth: a modified PGRM study. J Clin Dent. 1995;6 Spec No:71-79.
  57. Liang N, White DJ, Cox E, et al. Antimicrobial effects of a stabilized stannous fluoride dentifrice in reducing plaque acid production--a single-brushing PGRM study. J Clin Dent. 1995;6 Spec No:80-83.
  58. White DJ, Cox ER, Gwynn AV. Effect of a stabilized stannous fluoride dentifrice on plaque acid (toxin) production. J Clin Dent. 1995;6 Spec No:84-88.
  59. Faller RV, Best JM, Featherstone JD, Barrett-Vespone NA. Anticaries efficacy of an improved stannous fluoride toothpaste. J Clin Dent. 1995;6 Spec No:89-96.
  60. Weber DA, Howard-Nordan K, Buckner BA, et al. Microbiological assessment of an improved stannous fluoride dentifrice. J Clin Dent. 1995;6 Spec No:97-104.
  61. Lehne RK, Winston AE. Abrasivity of sodium bicarbonate. Clin Prev Dent. 1983 Jan-Feb;5(1):17-18.
  62. Gerlach RW, Gibb RD, Sagel PA. A randomized clinical trial comparing a novel 5.3% hydrogen peroxide whitening strip to 10%, 15%, and 20% carbamide peroxide tray-based bleaching systems. Compend Contin Educ Dent Suppl. 2000 Jun;(29):S22-28.
  63. White DJ. A new and improved "dual action" whitening dentifrice technology--sodium hexametaphosphate. J Clin Dent. 2002;13(1):1-5.
  64. Sagel PA, Gerlach RW. Clinical evidence on a unique two-step stannous fluoride dentifrice and whitening gel sequence. Am J Dent. 2018;31(Sp Is A):4A-6A.
  65. Gerlach RW, Sagel PA. Initial evidence of two-step dentifrice/gel sequence effects on health: Outcomes from three randomized controlled trials. Am J Dent. 2018;31(Sp Is A):7A-12A.
  66. Amini P, Amini A, Gerlach RW. Randomized controlled trial evaluating concurrent gingivitis and stain effects of a two-step dentifrice/gel sequence. Am J Dent. 2018;31(Sp Is A):13A-17A.
  67. Garcia-Godoy C, Rothrock J, Gurich N, Anastasia MK, Gerlach RW. Post-prophylaxis gingivitis prevention with two-step stannous fluoride dentifrice plus whitening gel sequence or chlorhexidine gluconate mouthrinse. Am J Dent. 2018;31(Sp Is A):18A-23A.
  68. Singh M, Papas A, Gerlach RW. Safety and effectiveness of a two-step dentifrice/gel sequence with medication-associated hyposalivation: A randomized controlled trial in a vulnerable population. Am J Dent. 2018;31(Sp Is A):24A-28A.
  69. DeVizio W. The efficacy of a new dentifrice with caries, plaque, gingivitis, calculus, tooth whitening, and oral malodor benefits. J Clin Dent. 2008;19(3):79-80.
  70. Wefel JS, Stanford CM, Ament DK, et al. In situ evaluation of sodium hexametaphosphate-containing dentifrices. Caries Res. 2002 Mar-Apr;36(2):122-128. doi:10.1159/000057870.
  71. Stookey GK, Mau MS, Isaacs RL, et al. The relative anticaries effectiveness of three fluoride-containing dentifrices in Puerto Rico. Caries Res. 2004 Nov-Dec;38(6):542-550. doi:10.1159/000080584.
  72. White Jr. DJ, Glandorf WM, McClanahan SF, Cox RE, Estes PD. Dentifrice compositions containing polyphosphate and fluoride. U.S. Patent 5,939,052, Issued August 17, 1999. Accessed July 8, 2020.
  73. Baig A, He T. A novel dentifrice technology for advanced oral health protection: A review of technical and clinical data. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2005 Sep;26(9 Suppl 1):4-11.
  74. Farrell S, Barker ML, Gerlach RW. Overnight malodor effect with a 0.454% stabilized stannous fluoride sodium hexametaphosphate dentifrice. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2007 Dec;28(12):658-671.
  75. Lussi A. Erosive tooth wear – a multifactorial condition of growing concern and increasing knowledge - Dental Erosion: From Diagnosis to Therapy. Lussi A (Ed). Basel, NY. Karger. 2006. 1-8.
  76. Dugmore CR, Rock WP. A multifactorial analysis of factors associated with dental erosion. Br Dent J. 2004 Mar 13;196(5):283-286. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4811041.
  77. Lussi A, Jaeggi T, Zero D. The role of diet in the aetiology of dental erosion. Caries Res. 2004;38 Suppl 1:34-44. doi:10.1159/000074360.
  78. Gambon DL, Brand HS, Veerman EC. Dental erosion in the 21st century: what is happening to nutritional habits and lifestyle in our society? Br Dent J. 2012 Jul 27;213(2):55-57. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.2012.613.
  79. Cheaib Z, Lussi A. Impact of acquired enamel pellicle modification on initial dental erosion. Caries Res. 2011;45(2):107-112. doi:10.1159/000324803.
  80. Vieira A, Overweg E, Ruben JL, Huysmans MC. Toothbrush abrasion, simulated tongue friction and attrition of eroded bovine enamel in vitro. J Dent. 2006 May;34(5):336-342. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2005.07.010.
  81. von Fraunhofer JA, Rogers MM. Dissolution of dental enamel in soft drinks. Gen Dent. 2004 Jul-Aug;52(4):308-12.
  82. Hooper SM, Newcombe RG, Faller R et al. The protective effects of toothpaste against erosion by orange juice: studies in situ and in vitro. J Dent. 2007 Jun;35(6):476-481. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2007.01.003.
  83. Baig AA, Faller RV, Yan J, et al. Protective effects of SnF2 - Part I. Mineral solubilisation studies on powdered apatite. Int Dent J. 2014 Mar;64 Suppl 1:4-10. doi:10.1111/idj.12096.
  84. Khambe D, Eversole SL, Mills T et al. Protective effects of SnF2 - Part II. Deposition and retention on pellicle-coated enamel. Int Dent J. 2014 Mar;64 Suppl 1:11-15. doi:10.1111/idj.12097.
  85. Faller RV, Eversole SL. Protective effects of SnF2 - Part III. Mechanism of barrier layer attachment. Int Dent J. 2014 Mar;64 Suppl 1:16-21. doi:10.1111/idj.12098
  86. Eversole SL, Saunders-Burkhardt K, Faller RV. Erosion protection comparison of stabilised SnF2 , mixed fluoride active and SMFP/arginine-containing dentifrices. Int Dent J. 2014 Mar;64 Suppl 1:22-28. doi:10.1111/idj.12099.
  87. Faller RV, Eversole SL, Saunders-Burkhardt K. Protective benefits of a stabilised stannous-containing fluoride dentifrice against erosive acid damage. Int Dent J. 2014 Mar;64 Suppl 1:29-34. doi:10.1111/idj.12100.
  88. Hooper S, Seong J, Macdonald E, et al. A randomised in situ trial, measuring the anti-erosive properties of a stannous-containing sodium fluoride dentifrice compared with a sodium fluoride/potassium nitrate dentifrice. Int Dent J. 2014 Mar;64 Suppl 1:35-42. doi:10.1111/idj.12101.
  89. Bellamy PG, Harris R, Date RF, et al. In situ clinical evaluation of a stabilised, stannous fluoride dentifrice. Int Dent J. 2014 Mar;64 Suppl 1:43-50. doi:10.1111/idj.12102.
  90. Eversole SL, Saunders-Burkhardt K, Faller RV. Erosion prevention potential of an over-the-counter stabilized SnF2 dentifrice compared to 5000 ppm F prescription-strength products. J Clin Dent 2015;26:44-49.
  91. West NX, He T, Hellin N, et al. Randomized in situ clinical trial evaluating erosion protection efficacy of a 0.454% stannous fluoride dentifrice. Int J Dent Hyg. 2019;17(3):261-267. doi:10.1111/idh.12379.
  92. West NX, Hellin N, Eusebio R, He T. The erosion protection efficacy of a stabilized stannous fluoride dentifrice: An in situ randomized clinical trial. Am J Dent. 2019;32(3):138-142.
  93. West N, He T, Hellin N, et al. Erosion protection efficacy of a 0.454% stannous fluoride dentifrice versus an arginine-containing dentifrice. Am J Dent. 2018;31(2):63-66.
  94. Zhao X, He T, He Y, Cheng C, Chen H. A Randomized Clinical Trial to Measure the Erosion Protection Benefits of a Novel Stabilized Stannous Fluoride Dentifrice versus a Control Dentifrice. J Clin Dent. 2017;28(4 Spec No B):B17-B20.

Additional Resources

  • No Additional Resources Available